Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network [3]This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.148 to include species relevant to a recent study of the oxidation of ethylene [4] as well as new measurements that led to refining the thermochemistry of CF and SiF and their cations [5].
|
Formaldehyde |
Formula: CH2O (g) |
CAS RN: 50-00-0 |
ATcT ID: 50-00-0*0 |
SMILES: C=O |
InChI: InChI=1S/CH2O/c1-2/h1H2 |
InChIKey: WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Hills Formula: C1H2O1 |
2D Image: |
|
Aliases: Formaldehyde; Methanal; Formaldehyde monomer; Methyl aldehyde; Oxymethylene; Oxymethylene monomer; Methylene oxide; H2CO; CH2O; H2CO g; CH2O g; H2C=O |
Relative Molecular Mass: 30.02598 ± 0.00087 |
ΔfH°(0 K) | ΔfH°(298.15 K) | Uncertainty | Units |
---|
-105.381 | -109.221 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol |
|
3D Image of CH2O (g) |
|
spin ON spin OFF |
|
Top contributors to the provenance of ΔfH° of CH2O (g)The 20 contributors listed below account only for 62.2% of the provenance of ΔfH° of CH2O (g). A total of 273 contributors would be needed to account for 90% of the provenance.
Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.
|
|
Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the ΔfH° of CH2O (g) |
Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances. The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.
|
Correlation Coefficent (%) | Species Name | Formula | Image | ΔfH°(0 K) | ΔfH°(298.15 K) | Uncertainty | Units | Relative Molecular Mass | ATcT ID | 100.0 | Formaldehyde | CH2O (g, singlet) | | -105.381 | -109.221 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 50-00-0*2 | 100.0 | Formaldehyde | CH2O (g, para singlet) | | -105.381 | -109.221 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 50-00-0*21 | 100.0 | Formaldehyde | CH2O (g, ortho singlet) | | -105.255 | -109.221 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 50-00-0*22 | 100.0 | Formaldehyde | CH2O (g, triplet) | | 196.010 | 192.707 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 50-00-0*1 | 99.6 | Formyl | HCO (g) | | 41.389 | 41.763 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 29.01804 ± 0.00086 | 2597-44-6*0 | 99.4 | Oxomethylium | [HCO]+ (g) | | 827.765 | 827.181 | ± 0.095 | kJ/mol | 29.01749 ± 0.00086 | 17030-74-9*0 | 98.6 | Formaldehyde cation | [CH2O]+ (g) | | 944.861 | 941.240 | ± 0.096 | kJ/mol | 30.02543 ± 0.00087 | 54288-05-0*0 | 43.6 | Formaldehyde | CH2O (aq, unhydrol) | | | -165.65 | ± 0.22 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 50-00-0*1000 | 22.9 | Hydroxymethylene | HCOH (g, trans) | | 112.71 | 108.94 | ± 0.27 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 19710-56-6*1 | 22.9 | Hydroxymethylene | HCOH (g) | | 112.71 | 108.95 | ± 0.27 | kJ/mol | 30.02598 ± 0.00087 | 19710-56-6*0 |
|
Most Influential reactions involving CH2O (g)Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.
|
Influence Coefficient | TN ID | Reaction | Measured Quantity | Reference | 1.000 | 3016.1 | CH2O (g, para singlet) → CH2O (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 0 ± 0 cm-1 | triv | 1.000 | 3015.1 | CH2O (g, singlet) → CH2O (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 0 ± 0 cm-1 | triv, Herzberg 1966, Ruscic W1RO, Ruscic G4 | 0.996 | 3001.1 | CH2O (g) → [CH2O]+ (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 87793.33 ± 1.30 cm-1 | Schulenburg 2008 | 0.854 | 3022.3 | CH2O (g) → CH2O (aq, unhydrol)  | ΔrG°(298.15 K) = -19.98 ± 0.21 kJ/mol | Warneck 2012, Betterton 1988, Zhou 1990, 3rd Law | 0.551 | 3086.2 | CH2O (g) → HCO (g) + H (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 30327.6 ± 0.9 cm-1 | Terentis 1998 | 0.446 | 3086.1 | CH2O (g) → HCO (g) + H (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 30328.5 ± 1.0 cm-1 | Terentis 1996, est unc | 0.405 | 2746.1 | HCN (g) + [CH2OH]+ (g) → [HCNH]+ (g) + CH2O (g)  | ΔrG°(300 K) = 0.5 ± 0.5 kcal/mol | Wolf 1977, est unc | 0.362 | 6638.11 | CH2O (g) + CF2O (g) → 2 CHFO (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -11.56 ± 0.20 kcal/mol | Karton 2011 | 0.209 | 2989.1 | [CH2OH]+ (g) → CH2O (g) + H+ (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 704.98 ± 0.39 kJ/mol | Czako 2009 | 0.172 | 4552.6 | CH2(OH)O (g, gauche) → CH2O (g) + OH (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 90.51 ± 2.0 kJ/mol | Klippenstein 2017 | 0.172 | 4246.5 | [CH2COH]+ (g, singlet) + CH2O (g) → CH2CO (g, singlet) + [CH2OH]+ (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -15.35 ± 0.8 kcal/mol | Ruscic W1RO | 0.168 | 7669.6 | HCCCO (g) + CH2O (g) → CH2CCO (g) + HCO (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -11.70 ± 2.0 kJ/mol | Klippenstein 2017 | 0.161 | 3003.10 | [CH2O]- (g) → CH2O (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -0.786 ± 0.050 eV | Ruscic W1RO | 0.161 | 3003.2 | [CH2O]- (g) → CH2O (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -0.86 ± 0.05 eV | Burrow 1976 | 0.161 | 6638.10 | CH2O (g) + CF2O (g) → 2 CHFO (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -11.60 ± 0.30 kcal/mol | Karton 2011 | 0.161 | 3068.5 | H2OC (g, singlet vdW) → CH2O (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -136.62 ± 1.1 kcal/mol | Ruscic CBS-n | 0.153 | 3055.5 | CH2O (g) → HCOH (g, cis)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 56.58 ± 0.17 kcal/mol | Nguyen 2015a | 0.142 | 5283.6 | OCHCO (g) + CH2O (g) → OCHCHO (g, trans) + HCO (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = 1.79 ± 2.00 kJ/mol | Klippenstein 2017 | 0.141 | 9008.1 | C6H5C(O)C6H5 (g) + CH2O (g) → 2 C6H5C(O)H (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -3.18 ± 0.90 kcal/mol | Ruscic G4 | 0.141 | 9008.3 | C6H5C(O)C6H5 (g) + CH2O (g) → 2 C6H5C(O)H (g)  | ΔrH°(0 K) = -2.52 ± 0.90 kcal/mol | Ruscic CBS-n |
|
|
References
|
1
|
|
B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner,
Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited.
J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004)
[DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
|
2
|
|
B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner,
Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21st Century.
J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005)
[DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
|
3
|
|
B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov |
4
|
|
N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, R. Sivaramakrishnan, and K. Prozument,
The C2H4O Isomers in the Oxidation of Ethylene
J. Mol. Spectrosc. 398, 111847/1-8 (2023)
[DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111847]
|
5
|
|
U. Jacovella, B. Ruscic, N. L. Chen, H.-L. Le, S. Boyé-Péronne, S. Hartweg, M. Roy-Chowdhury, G. A. Garcia, J.-C. Loison, and B. Gans,
Refining Thermochemical Properties of CF, SiF, and Their Cations by Combining Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemical Calculations, and the Active Thermochemical Tables Approach
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 30838-30847 (2023)
[DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04244H]
|
6
|
|
B. Ruscic,
Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables.
Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014)
[DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
|
7
|
|
B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Thermochemistry
Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019)
[DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]
|
|
|
Formula
|
The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.
|
|
Uncertainties
|
The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6] and Ruscic and Bross[7]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.0005 kJ/mol.
|
|
Website Functionality Credits
|
The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.
|
|
Acknowledgement
|
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
|