Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.148 to include species relevant to a recent study of the oxidation of ethylene [4] as well as new measurements that led to refining the thermochemistry of CF and SiF and their cations [5].

Ammonia

Formula: NH3 (g)
CAS RN: 7664-41-7
ATcT ID: 7664-41-7*0
SMILES: N
InChI: InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3
InChIKey: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hills Formula: H3N1

2D Image:

N
Aliases: NH3; Ammonia; Azane; Lambda1-azane; Nitrogen hydride; Nitrogen trihydride; Spirit of Hartshorn; Nitro-Sil; R717; UN1005; UN2073; UN2672
Relative Molecular Mass: 17.03056 ± 0.00022

   ΔfH°(0 K)   ΔfH°(298.15 K)UncertaintyUnits
-38.563-45.556± 0.029kJ/mol

3D Image of NH3 (g)

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Top contributors to the provenance of ΔfH° of NH3 (g)

The 13 contributors listed below account for 90.0% of the provenance of ΔfH° of NH3 (g).

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution
(%)
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
47.61648.1 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.885 ± 0.010 kcal/molLarson 1923, Vanderzee 1972
24.31647.5 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.875 ± 0.014 kcal/molSchulz 1966, Vanderzee 1972
9.71647.4 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.910 ± 0.015 (×1.477) kcal/molLarson 1924, Vanderzee 1972
3.31648.8 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrG°(635 K) = 20.084 ± 0.157 kJ/molSchulz 1966, 3rd Law
1.01717.1 N2 (g) + 3 H2O (cr,l) + 2 H+ (aq) → 3/2 O2 (g) + 2 [NH4]+ (aq) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 141.292 ± 0.119 kcal/molVanderzee 1972c
1.01648.3 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrG°(686 K) = 6.165 ± 0.068 kcal/molLarson 1923, 3rd Law, est unc
0.61647.3 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(823 K) = -53.88 ± 0.19 (×1.957) kJ/molWittig 1959
0.61645.7 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(776.15 K) = -12.656 ± 0.089 kcal/molHaber 1915
0.31646.7 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrG°(1075 K) = 16.924 ± 0.11 kcal/molHaber 1915c, 3rd Law, est unc
0.31647.1 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrG°(1125 K) = 18.333 ± 0.11 kcal/molHaber 1915b, 3rd Law, est unc
0.31711.3 (NH4)NO3 (cr,l) → N2 (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(293.65 K) = -49.44 ± 0.06 kcal/molBecker 1934
0.21717.3 N2 (g) + 3 H2O (cr,l) + 2 H+ (aq) → 3/2 O2 (g) + 2 [NH4]+ (aq) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 141.226 ± 0.239 kcal/molBecker 1934, as quoted by CODATA Key Vals
0.21636.4 NH3 (g) → N (g) + 3 H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 1157.46 ± 0.56 kJ/molHarding 2008

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the ΔfH° of NH3 (g)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.


Correlation
Coefficent
(%)
Species Name Formula Image    ΔfH°(0 K)    ΔfH°(298.15 K) Uncertainty Units Relative
Molecular
Mass
ATcT ID
99.9 Azanylium[NH3]+ (g)[NH3+]944.274937.319± 0.029kJ/mol17.03001 ±
0.00022
19496-55-0*0
51.1 AmmoniaNH3 (aq, undissoc)N-80.883± 0.053kJ/mol17.03056 ±
0.00022
7664-41-7*1000
49.2 Ammonium[NH4]+ (aq)[NH4+]-133.075± 0.056kJ/mol18.03795 ±
0.00029
14798-03-9*800
49.1 AmmoniaNH3 (aq)N-77.032± 0.056kJ/mol17.03056 ±
0.00022
7664-41-7*800
48.0 Ammonium hydroxideNH4OH (aq, undissoc)[NH4+].[OH-]-366.685± 0.059kJ/mol35.04584 ±
0.00047
1336-21-6*1000
46.3 Ammonium hydroxideNH4OH (aq)[NH4+].[OH-]-362.833± 0.061kJ/mol35.04584 ±
0.00047
1336-21-6*800
43.8 Ammonium chloride(NH4)Cl (cr)[NH4+].[Cl-]-311.553-314.715± 0.062kJ/mol53.49120 ±
0.00095
12125-02-9*510
19.4 Ammonium bromide(NH4)Br (cr)[NH4+].[Br-]-253.26-269.84± 0.14kJ/mol97.9425 ±
0.0010
12124-97-9*510
18.5 Azanylium[NH2]+ (g)[NH2+]1266.561264.49± 0.11kJ/mol16.02207 ±
0.00016
15194-15-7*0
18.4 AmidogenNH2 (g)[NH2]188.92186.03± 0.11kJ/mol16.02262 ±
0.00016
13770-40-6*0

Most Influential reactions involving NH3 (g)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence
Coefficient
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
1.0001768.1 (NH4)2O (cr,l) → NH4OH (cr,l) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(187.4 K) = 7.523 ± 0.050 kcal/molHildenbrand 1953, est unc
0.9991638.1 NH3 (g) → [NH3]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 82158.751 ± 0.032 cm-1Seiler 2003
0.9301707.1 NF2NF2 (g) + 16 NH3 (g) → 12 (NH4)F (cr,l) + 5 N2 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -4809.0 ± 2.7 kJ/molArmstrong 1959a
0.7751658.1 NH4 (g) → NH3 (g) H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -0.130 ± 0.005 eVAue 1972
0.7126807.1 C6H6 (g) [NH2]- (g) → [C6H5]- (g) NH3 (g) ΔrG°(300 K) = -3.557 ± 0.047 kcal/molDavico 1995
0.5281712.1 NH3 (g) → NH3 (aq, undissoc) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -8.448 ± 0.015 kcal/molVanderzee 1972
0.5162677.1 CH3NH2 (g) [NH2]- (g) → [CH3NH]- (g) NH3 (g) ΔrG°(296 K) = -0.51 ± 0.20 kcal/molMacKay 1976, note unc2
0.4761648.1 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.885 ± 0.010 kcal/molLarson 1923, Vanderzee 1972
0.4423083.9 CO (g) [NH4]+ (g) → [HCO]+ (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 259.89 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
0.4372554.1 [CH2CH]- (g) NH3 (g) → [NH2]- (g) CH2CH2 (g) ΔrG°(298.15 K) = -4.54 ± 0.24 kcal/molErvin 1990
0.4261652.8 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 846.40 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
0.3711641.9 [NH3]- (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -1.41 ± 0.04 eVPuzzarini 2008
0.3607265.2 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrG°(350 K) = 80.5 ± 2.0 kJ/molHunter 1998, Taft 1986, est unc
0.3321922.1 NH3 (g) H2O (g) → HNOH (g, trans) + 3/2 H2 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 378.46 ± 1.5 kJ/molKlippenstein 2017
0.3162656.11 [CH3NH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3NH2 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 11.30 ± 0.40 kcal/molLee 2021, est unc
0.3031673.1 NH3 (g) → [NH2]+ (g) H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 15.765 ± 0.002 eVSong 2001a, note unc2
0.2462699.1 CH4 (g) NH3 (g) → CH3N (g) + 2 H2 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 427.99 ± 2.0 kJ/molKlippenstein 2017
0.2441889.1 NH2OH (g, trans) H2O (g) → HOOH (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 24.9 ± 0.2 kcal/molFeller 2003, est unc
0.2431886.2 NH3 (g) H2O (g) → NH2OH (g, trans) H2 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 58.4 ± 0.2 kcal/molFeller 2003, est unc
0.2431647.5 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.875 ± 0.014 kcal/molSchulz 1966, Vanderzee 1972


References
1   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner,
Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited.
J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner,
Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21st Century.
J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4   N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, R. Sivaramakrishnan, and K. Prozument,
The C2H4O Isomers in the Oxidation of Ethylene
J. Mol. Spectrosc. 398, 111847/1-8 (2023) [DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111847]
5   U. Jacovella, B. Ruscic, N. L. Chen, H.-L. Le, S. Boyé-Péronne, S. Hartweg, M. Roy-Chowdhury, G. A. Garcia, J.-C. Loison, and B. Gans,
Refining Thermochemical Properties of CF, SiF, and Their Cations by Combining Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemical Calculations, and the Active Thermochemical Tables Approach
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 30838-30847 (2023) [DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04244H]
6   B. Ruscic,
Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables.
Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
7   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Thermochemistry
Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula
The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties
The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6] and Ruscic and Bross[7]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.0005 kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits
The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.