Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.148 to include species relevant to a recent study of the oxidation of ethylene [4] as well as new measurements that led to refining the thermochemistry of CF and SiF and their cations [5].

Ammonium

Formula: [NH4]+ (g)
CAS RN: 14798-03-9
ATcT ID: 14798-03-9*0
SMILES: [NH4+]
InChI: InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1
InChIKey: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O
InChI: InChI=1S/H4N/h1H4/q+1
InChIKey: ROECXRZWTWXXKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hills Formula: H4N1+

2D Image:

[NH4+]
Aliases: [NH4]+; Ammonium; Ammonium ion; Ammonium cation; Ammonium ion (1+); Protonated ammonia; Monoprotonated ammonia
Relative Molecular Mass: 18.03795 ± 0.00029

   ΔfH°(0 K)   ΔfH°(298.15 K)UncertaintyUnits
643.03631.72± 0.20kJ/mol

3D Image of [NH4]+ (g)

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Top contributors to the provenance of ΔfH° of [NH4]+ (g)

The 20 contributors listed below account only for 89.9% of the provenance of ΔfH° of [NH4]+ (g).
A total of 21 contributors would be needed to account for 90% of the provenance.

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution
(%)
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
41.61652.8 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 846.40 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
34.03083.9 CO (g) [NH4]+ (g) → [HCO]+ (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 259.89 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
2.41657.1 NH4 (g) → [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 4.698 ± 0.010 eVSignorell 1997a, Chen 2001, est unc
2.31652.3 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 203.9 ± 0.3 kcal/molMartin 1996a, Martin 1996
1.01648.1 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.885 ± 0.010 kcal/molLarson 1923, Vanderzee 1972
0.83081.11 [HCO]+ (g) → H+ (g) CO (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 586.51 ± 0.2 kJ/molCzako 2008
0.81652.10 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 202.11 ± 0.50 kcal/molLee 2021, est unc
0.81652.5 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 202.43 ± 0.5 kcal/molDixon 2001, note unc3
0.81652.4 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 202.5 ± 0.5 kcal/molPeterson 1998, note unc2
0.81654.10 [NH4]+ (g) H2O (g) → NH3 (g) [H3O]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 38.8 ± 0.5 kcal/molPeterson 1998, note unc2
0.71658.1 NH4 (g) → NH3 (g) H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -0.130 ± 0.005 eVAue 1972
0.51647.5 1/2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) → NH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -10.875 ± 0.014 kcal/molSchulz 1966, Vanderzee 1972
0.43009.3 CO (g) H2 (g) → CH2O (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 8.39 ± 0.28 kJ/molCzako 2009
0.31649.9 [NH4]+ (g) → N (g) + 4 H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 164.61 ± 0.75 kcal/molLee 2021, est unc
0.31652.9 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 202.26 ± 0.8 kcal/molPuzzarini 2008
0.31655.8 [NH4]+ (g) H2 (g) → [H3]+ (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 102.61 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO, Parthiban 2001, Ruscic W1U
0.31655.9 [NH4]+ (g) H2 (g) → [H3]+ (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 102.6 ± 0.8 kcal/molParthiban 2001
0.31654.9 [NH4]+ (g) H2O (g) → NH3 (g) [H3O]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 38.9 ± 0.8 kcal/molParthiban 2001
0.31654.8 [NH4]+ (g) H2O (g) → NH3 (g) [H3O]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 39.08 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO, Parthiban 2001, Ruscic W1U
0.32655.9 [CH3NH3]+ (g) → CH3NH2 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 213.41 ± 0.50 kcal/molLee 2021, est unc

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the ΔfH° of [NH4]+ (g)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.


Correlation
Coefficent
(%)
Species Name Formula Image    ΔfH°(0 K)    ΔfH°(298.15 K) Uncertainty Units Relative
Molecular
Mass
ATcT ID
19.0 Oxomethylium[HCO]+ (g)[CH+]=O827.765827.181± 0.095kJ/mol29.01749 ±
0.00086
17030-74-9*0
19.0 FormylHCO (g)[CH]=O41.38941.763± 0.095kJ/mol29.01804 ±
0.00086
2597-44-6*0
18.9 FormaldehydeCH2O (g, triplet)C=O196.010192.707± 0.095kJ/mol30.02598 ±
0.00087
50-00-0*1
18.9 FormaldehydeCH2O (g, ortho singlet)C=O-105.255-109.221± 0.095kJ/mol30.02598 ±
0.00087
50-00-0*22
18.9 FormaldehydeCH2O (g, singlet)C=O-105.381-109.221± 0.095kJ/mol30.02598 ±
0.00087
50-00-0*2
18.9 FormaldehydeCH2O (g, para singlet)C=O-105.381-109.221± 0.095kJ/mol30.02598 ±
0.00087
50-00-0*21
18.9 FormaldehydeCH2O (g)C=O-105.381-109.221± 0.095kJ/mol30.02598 ±
0.00087
50-00-0*0
18.6 Formaldehyde cation[CH2O]+ (g)C=[O+]944.861941.240± 0.096kJ/mol30.02543 ±
0.00087
54288-05-0*0
14.6 AmmoniaNH3 (g)N-38.563-45.556± 0.029kJ/mol17.03056 ±
0.00022
7664-41-7*0
14.6 Azanylium[NH3]+ (g)[NH3+]944.274937.319± 0.029kJ/mol17.03001 ±
0.00022
19496-55-0*0

Most Influential reactions involving [NH4]+ (g)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence
Coefficient
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
0.4423083.9 CO (g) [NH4]+ (g) → [HCO]+ (g) NH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 259.89 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
0.4261652.8 [NH4]+ (g) → NH3 (g) H+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 846.40 ± 0.3 kJ/molCzako 2008
0.3607265.2 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrG°(350 K) = 80.5 ± 2.0 kJ/molHunter 1998, Taft 1986, est unc
0.3162656.11 [CH3NH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3NH2 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 11.30 ± 0.40 kcal/molLee 2021, est unc
0.2171657.1 NH4 (g) → [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 4.698 ± 0.010 eVSignorell 1997a, Chen 2001, est unc
0.1287265.7 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 18.58 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO
0.1047335.7 [CH3C(OH)CH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3C(O)CH3 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -9.19 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO
0.0827265.4 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 18.21 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic G4
0.0827265.6 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 18.06 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic CBS-n
0.0792656.10 [CH3NH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3NH2 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 11.10 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO
0.0707743.5 [NH2CO]+ (g) NH3 (g) → HNCO (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -30.92 ± 0.8 kcal/molRuscic W1RO
0.0667335.1 [CH3C(OH)CH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3C(O)CH3 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrG°(550 K) = -6.9 ± 1 kcal/molMeot-Ner 1980
0.0667335.4 [CH3C(OH)CH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3C(O)CH3 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -9.63 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic G4
0.0667335.6 [CH3C(OH)CH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3C(O)CH3 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -9.99 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic CBS-n
0.0617265.1 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 0.82 ± 0.05 eVChyall 1995
0.0577265.3 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 17.71 ± 1.2 kcal/molRuscic G3X
0.0502656.7 [CH3NH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3NH2 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 11.10 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic G4
0.0502656.9 [CH3NH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3NH2 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 11.05 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic CBS-n
0.0487265.5 [NH(CHCHCHCHCH)]+ (g) NH3 (g) → N(CHCHCHCHCH) (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 17.50 ± 1.3 kcal/molRuscic CBS-n
0.0467335.3 [CH3C(OH)CH3]+ (g) NH3 (g) → CH3C(O)CH3 (g) [NH4]+ (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = -9.98 ± 1.2 kcal/molRuscic G3X


References
1   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner,
Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited.
J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner,
Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21st Century.
J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4   N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, R. Sivaramakrishnan, and K. Prozument,
The C2H4O Isomers in the Oxidation of Ethylene
J. Mol. Spectrosc. 398, 111847/1-8 (2023) [DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111847]
5   U. Jacovella, B. Ruscic, N. L. Chen, H.-L. Le, S. Boyé-Péronne, S. Hartweg, M. Roy-Chowdhury, G. A. Garcia, J.-C. Loison, and B. Gans,
Refining Thermochemical Properties of CF, SiF, and Their Cations by Combining Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemical Calculations, and the Active Thermochemical Tables Approach
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 30838-30847 (2023) [DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04244H]
6   B. Ruscic,
Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables.
Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
7   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Thermochemistry
Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula
The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties
The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6] and Ruscic and Bross[7]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.0005 kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits
The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.