Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.172 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.156 to include species relevant to a study of photodissociation of formamide[4].

Phenyl

Formula: C6H5 (g)

CAS RN: 2396-01-2

ATcT ID: 2396-01-2*0

SMILES: c1cccc[c]1

SMILES: c1cc[c]cc1

SMILES: C1=CC=CC=[C]1

InChI: InChI=1S/C6H5/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-5H

InChIKey: CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Hills Formula: C6H5

2D Image:

Aliases: Phenyl; Phenyl radical; C6H5

Relative Molecular Mass: 77.1039 ± 0.0048

Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units
352.61	339.25	± 0.60	kJ/mol

3D Image of C6H5 (g)

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Top contributors to the provenance of Δ_fH° of C6H5 (g)

The 20 contributors listed below account only for 42.3% of the provenance of Δ_fH° of C6H5 (g).
A total of 180 contributors would be needed to account for 90% of the provenance.

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution (%)	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
7.3	6856.9	C6H5 (g) + CH4 (g) → C6H6 (g) + CH3 (g)	Δ_rG°(710 K) = -26.4 ± 2 kJ/mol	Heckmann 1996, Zhang 1989, 3rd Law, est unc
3.8	6845.1	[C6H5]- (g) → C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1.096 ± 0.006 (×4.555) eV	Gunion 1992
3.7	9202.2	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 31.81 ± 1.3 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
2.5	6856.10	C6H5 (g) + CH4 (g) → C6H6 (g) + CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(710 K) = -30.2 ± 3 (×1.139) kJ/mol	Heckmann 1996, Zhang 1989, 2nd Law, est unc
2.5	9201.2	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 118.54 ± 1.60 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
2.4	6852.13	C6H6 (g) → C6H5 (g) + H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 111.02 ± 0.60 (×1.384) kcal/mol	Karton 2009a
2.0	7356.1	C6H5NO (g) → C6H5 (g) + NO (g)	Δ_rG°(391 K) = 39.48 ± 0.5 kcal/mol	Park 1997, Yu 1994a, 3rd Law
2.0	6843.11	C6H5 (g) → 6 C (g) + 5 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 4995.9 ± 4 kJ/mol	Lau 2006
1.9	6849.5	C6H6 (g) + Cl (g) → C6H5 (g) + HCl (g)	Δ_rG°(296 K) = 27.54 ± 3.87 kJ/mol	Sokolov 1998, Alecu 2007, 3rd Law
1.8	6856.6	C6H5 (g) + CH4 (g) → C6H6 (g) + CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -34.5 ± 4 kJ/mol	Hemelsoet 2006
1.5	7003.5	CH(CHCHCHCH) (g) + CH3CHCH2 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -6.78 ± 0.9 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
1.4	6843.10	C6H5 (g) → 6 C (g) + 5 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1195.15 ± 0.60 (×1.874) kcal/mol	Karton 2009a
1.2	7003.2	CH(CHCHCHCH) (g) + CH3CHCH2 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -6.30 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
1.2	7003.4	CH(CHCHCHCH) (g) + CH3CHCH2 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -6.37 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n
1.2	6844.14	C6H5 (g) → [C6H5]+ (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 8.261 ± 0.035 eV	Lau 2006
1.1	6849.3	C6H6 (g) + Cl (g) → C6H5 (g) + HCl (g)	Δ_rG°(298.15 K) = 26.93 ± 5.01 kJ/mol	Alecu 2007, Sokolov 1998, 3rd Law
1.1	6845.10	[C6H5]- (g) → C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1.113 ± 0.050 eV	Ruscic W1RO
1.0	7003.1	CH(CHCHCHCH) (g) + CH3CHCH2 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -5.63 ± 1.1 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.9	6843.9	C6H5 (g) → 6 C (g) + 5 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1195.02 ± 1.39 kcal/mol	Karton 2009a
0.9	6844.12	C6H5 (g) → [C6H5]+ (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 8.267 ± 0.040 eV	Ruscic W1RO

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the Δ_fH° of C6H5 (g)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.

Correlation Coefficent (%)	Species Name	Formula	Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units	Relative Molecular Mass	ATcT ID
35.4	3-Methylphenyl	C6H4CH3 (g, meta)	324.4	306.4	± 1.2	kJ/mol	91.1305 ± 0.0056	3474-41-7*0
35.4	4-Methylphenyl	C6H4CH3 (g, para)	327.2	309.2	± 1.2	kJ/mol	91.1305 ± 0.0056	2396-02-3*0
35.3	2-Methylphenyl	C6H4CH3 (g, ortho)	324.5	306.5	± 1.2	kJ/mol	91.1305 ± 0.0056	22904-44-5*0
29.1	p-Chlorophenyl	C6H4Cl (g)	324.6	313.8	± 1.6	kJ/mol	111.5487 ± 0.0049	2396-00-1*0
29.1	o-Chlorophenyl	C6H4Cl (g)	328.9	318.2	± 1.6	kJ/mol	111.5487 ± 0.0049	3474-42-8*0
29.1	m-Chlorophenyl	C6H4Cl (g)	321.7	311.0	± 1.6	kJ/mol	111.5487 ± 0.0049	3474-40-6*0
26.0	Phenylium	[C6H5]+ (g)	1149.28	1136.50	± 0.85	kJ/mol	77.1034 ± 0.0048	17333-73-2*0
26.0	Phenylium	[C6H5]+ (g, singlet)	1149.28	1136.50	± 0.85	kJ/mol	77.1034 ± 0.0048	17333-73-2*2
25.9	Nitrosobenzene	C6H5NO (g)	216.9	199.9	± 1.2	kJ/mol	107.1100 ± 0.0048	586-96-9*0
25.5	Benzene	C6H6 (g)	100.68	83.17	± 0.21	kJ/mol	78.1118 ± 0.0048	71-43-2*0

Most Influential reactions involving C6H5 (g)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence Coefficient	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
0.295	7356.1	C6H5NO (g) → C6H5 (g) + NO (g)	Δ_rG°(391 K) = 39.48 ± 0.5 kcal/mol	Park 1997, Yu 1994a, 3rd Law
0.133	7303.4	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.27 ± 0.9 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.133	7304.4	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.85 ± 0.9 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.132	7305.4	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.86 ± 0.9 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.108	7303.2	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.49 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.107	7304.2	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.28 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.107	7305.2	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -2.22 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.106	8390.2	C6H5OO (g) + CH3 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3OO (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 16.66 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.093	9169.1	C6H4(C4H4) (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H6 (g) + C6H4(CHCCHCH) (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.32 ± 0.90 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.093	9169.2	C6H4(C4H4) (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H6 (g) + C6H4(CHCCHCH) (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -2.14 ± 0.90 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.090	6979.5	C6H5CH3 (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H4CH3 (g, meta) + C6H6 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.15 ± 0.85 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.090	6985.5	C6H5CH3 (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H4CH3 (g, para) + C6H6 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 0.35 ± 0.85 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.089	7303.1	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.89 ± 1.1 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.089	7304.1	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.55 ± 1.1 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.088	7305.1	C6H4Cl (g) + C6H6 (g) → C6H5Cl (g) + C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -2.59 ± 1.1 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.088	6982.5	C6H5CH3 (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H4CH3 (g, ortho) + C6H6 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.16 ± 0.85 kcal/mol	Ruscic W1RO
0.088	8390.1	C6H5OO (g) + CH3 (g) → C6H5 (g) + CH3OO (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 17.83 ± 1.1 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.085	9170.2	C6H4(C4H4) (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H6 (g) + C6H4(CCHCHCH) (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.82 ± 0.90 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.085	9170.1	C6H4(C4H4) (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H6 (g) + C6H4(CCHCHCH) (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -1.01 ± 0.90 kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.085	9169.4	C6H4(C4H4) (g) + C6H5 (g) → C6H6 (g) + C6H4(CHCCHCH) (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -2.43 ± 0.90 (×1.044) kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n

References

1		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner, Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited. J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner, Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21^st Century. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.172 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4		K. L. Caster, N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, A. W. Jasper, and K. Prozument, Dynamics of HCN, NHC, and HNCO Formation in the 193 nm Photodissociation of Formamide J. Phys. Chem. A (in press) (2024) [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02232]
5		B. Ruscic, Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
6		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Thermochemistry Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula

The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties

The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [5] and Ruscic and Bross[6]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.000₅ kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits

The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.