Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.172 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.156 to include species relevant to a study of photodissociation of formamide[4].

Methane

Formula: CH4 (g)

CAS RN: 74-82-8

ATcT ID: 74-82-8*0

SMILES: C

InChI: InChI=1S/CH4/h1H4

InChIKey: VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Hills Formula: C1H4

2D Image:

Aliases: CH4; Methane; Methyl hydride; Marsh gas

Relative Molecular Mass: 16.04246 ± 0.00085

Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units
-66.547	-74.516	± 0.043	kJ/mol

3D Image of CH4 (g)

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Top contributors to the provenance of Δ_fH° of CH4 (g)

The 20 contributors listed below account only for 62.6% of the provenance of Δ_fH° of CH4 (g).
A total of 363 contributors would be needed to account for 90% of the provenance.

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution (%)	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
39.8	2375.1	2 H2 (g) + C (graphite) → CH4 (g)	Δ_rG°(1165 K) = 37.521 ± 0.068 kJ/mol	Smith 1946, note COf, 3rd Law
7.1	2373.7	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.578 ± 0.078 kJ/mol	Schley 2010
5.9	125.2	1/2 O2 (g) + H2 (g) → H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -285.8261 ± 0.040 kJ/mol	Rossini 1939, Rossini 1931, Rossini 1931b, note H2Oa, Rossini 1930
1.1	2228.7	C (graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -393.464 ± 0.024 kJ/mol	Hawtin 1966, note CO2e
1.1	2268.11	CO (g) → C (g) + O (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1071.92 ± 0.10 kJ/mol	Thorpe 2021
0.9	2373.4	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.61 ± 0.21 kJ/mol	Dale 2002
0.6	2286.9	C (graphite) + CO2 (g) → 2 CO (g)	Δ_rG°(1165 K) = -33.545 ± 0.058 kJ/mol	Smith 1946, note COf, 3rd Law
0.6	2373.8	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.482 ± 0.260 kJ/mol	Haloua 2015
0.6	2373.6	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.44 ± 0.26 kJ/mol	GOMB Ref Calorimeter, Alexandrov 2002
0.5	2278.2	CO (g) → C+ (g) + O (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 22.3713 ± 0.0015 eV	Ng 2007
0.4	2228.4	C (graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -393.462 ± 0.038 kJ/mol	Lewis 1965, note CO2d
0.4	2228.5	C (graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -393.468 ± 0.038 kJ/mol	Fraser 1952, note CO2f
0.4	2388.12	CH3 (g) → C (g) + 3 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 289.11 ± 0.10 kcal/mol	Feller 2016, note unc2
0.4	115.11	H2O (g) → O (g) + 2 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 917.80 ± 0.15 kJ/mol	Thorpe 2021
0.3	157.1	OH (g) → [OH]+ (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 104989 ± 5 (×2.378) cm-1	Wiedmann 1992, note unc
0.3	2373.1	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(303.15 K) = -889.849 ± 0.350 kJ/mol	Rossini 1931a, Rossini 1931b, Prosen 1945, Rossini 1940, note CH4
0.3	2373.5	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.43 ± 0.35 kJ/mol	Alexandrov 2002a, Alexandrov 2002
0.3	3834.1	4 CH4 (g) → CH3CHCCH2 (g) + 5 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 442.41 ± 2.00 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.3	2430.1	CH3 (g) → CH2 (g, triplet) + H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 109.26 ± 0.08 kcal/mol	Feller 2016, est unc, note unc2
0.3	167.6	H2O (g) → [OH]+ (g) + H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 18.1183 ± 0.0015 (×1.067) eV	Bodi 2014

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the Δ_fH° of CH4 (g)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.

Correlation Coefficent (%)	Species Name	Formula	Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units	Relative Molecular Mass	ATcT ID
96.1	Methylium	[CH3]+ (g)	1099.349	1095.405	± 0.045	kJ/mol	15.03397 ± 0.00083	14531-53-4*0
85.1	Methyl	CH3 (g)	149.876	146.475	± 0.049	kJ/mol	15.03452 ± 0.00083	2229-07-4*0
76.9	Methane cation	[CH4]+ (g)	1150.683	1144.300	± 0.057	kJ/mol	16.04191 ± 0.00085	20741-88-2*0
70.7	Methane	CH4 (aq, undissoc)		-87.699	± 0.061	kJ/mol	16.04246 ± 0.00085	74-82-8*1000
45.4	Carbonic acid	C(O)(OH)2 (aq, undissoc)		-698.673	± 0.028	kJ/mol	62.0248 ± 0.0012	463-79-6*1000
44.8	Water	H2O (l, eq.press.)		-285.806	± 0.022	kJ/mol	18.01528 ± 0.00033	7732-18-5*589
44.8	Water	H2O (l)		-285.804	± 0.022	kJ/mol	18.01528 ± 0.00033	7732-18-5*590
44.8	Oxonium	[H3O]+ (aq)		-285.804	± 0.022	kJ/mol	19.02267 ± 0.00037	13968-08-6*800
44.8	Water	H2O (cr,l)	-286.276	-285.804	± 0.022	kJ/mol	18.01528 ± 0.00033	7732-18-5*500
44.8	Water	H2O (cr, l, eq.press.)	-286.278	-285.806	± 0.022	kJ/mol	18.01528 ± 0.00033	7732-18-5*499

Most Influential reactions involving CH4 (g)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence Coefficient	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
0.988	2369.1	CH4 (g) → [CH4]+ (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 101752.2 ± 3.0 cm-1	Worner 2007, note unc
0.957	2398.1	CH4 (g) → [CH3]+ (g) + H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 14.32271 ± 0.00013 eV	Chang 2017
0.736	2376.1	CH4 (g) → CH4 (aq, undissoc)	Δ_rG°(298.15 K) = 16.300 ± 0.05 kJ/mol	Clever 1987
0.726	2371.3	[CH4]- (g) → CH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -0.997 ± 0.061 eV	Ruscic G4
0.657	8964.1	5 CH4 (g) → HCCCCCH (g, triplet) + 9 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 1059.82 ± 2.00 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.521	5233.1	2 CH4 (g) + 2 H2O (g) → CH3OCO (g, syn-staggered) + 9/2 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 459.60 ± 2.00 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.511	4508.1	2 CH4 (g) + H2O (g) → HCC(O)H (g, syn-triplet) + 4 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 633.00 ± 1.5 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.399	2375.1	2 H2 (g) + C (graphite) → CH4 (g)	Δ_rG°(1165 K) = 37.521 ± 0.068 kJ/mol	Smith 1946, note COf, 3rd Law
0.391	2856.6	HCCNH (g) + CH4 (g) → CH3NH (g) + HCCH (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 87.84 ± 1.5 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.348	7826.1	2 CH4 (g) + 2 H2O (g) → OCCO (g) + 6 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 625.09 ± 2.00 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.319	7445.1	3 CH4 (g) + H2O (g) → CH2C(OH)CH2 (g) + 9/2 H2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 442.37 ± 2.00 kJ/mol	Klippenstein 2017
0.319	2373.7	CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -890.578 ± 0.078 kJ/mol	Schley 2010
0.308	6432.6	CH4 (g) + CCl4 (g) → 2 CH2Cl2 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = -4.40 ± 0.25 kcal/mol	Karton 2017, Karton 2011, Karton 2007, Karton 2006
0.280	6636.2	HCCH (g) + 2 CH3Br (g) → BrCCBr (g) + 2 CH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 2.34 ± 1.0 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.273	6596.11	CH2CHF (g) + CH4 (g) → CH2CH2 (g) + CH3F (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 8.36 ± 0.20 kcal/mol	Karton 2011
0.266	6194.8	HCCCl (g) + CH3Cl (g) → ClCCCl (g) + CH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 2.93 ± 0.25 kcal/mol	Karton 2017, Karton 2011, Karton 2007, Karton 2006
0.262	6245.6	4 CH3Cl (g) → CCl4 (g) + 3 CH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 2.52 ± 0.30 kcal/mol	Karton 2017
0.252	2383.5	[CH5]+ (g) + CO2 (g) → [HOCO]+ (g) + CH4 (g)	Δ_rG°(296 K) = 7.92 ± 0.20 kJ/mol	Bohme 1973a, 3rd Law, note unc
0.252	8588.7	SiH3SiH3 (g) + 2 CH4 (g) → CH3CH3 (g) + 2 SiH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 13.99 ± 0.2 kcal/mol	Karton 2011, Karton 2007b
0.251	6642.12	HCCF (g) + CH3F (g) → FCCF (g) + CH4 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 14.03 ± 0.20 kcal/mol	Karton 2011

References

1		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner, Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited. J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner, Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21^st Century. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.172 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4		K. L. Caster, N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, A. W. Jasper, and K. Prozument, Dynamics of HCN, NHC, and HNCO Formation in the 193 nm Photodissociation of Formamide J. Phys. Chem. A (in press) (2024) [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02232]
5		B. Ruscic, Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
6		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Thermochemistry Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula

The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties

The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [5] and Ruscic and Bross[6]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.000₅ kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits

The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.