Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.148 to include species relevant to a recent study of the oxidation of ethylene [4] as well as new measurements that led to refining the thermochemistry of CF and SiF and their cations [5].

neo-Pentane

Formula: C(CH3)4 (l)
CAS RN: 463-82-1
ATcT ID: 463-82-1*500
SMILES: CC(C)(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C5H12/c1-5(2,3)4/h1-4H3
InChIKey: CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hills Formula: C5H12

2D Image:

CC(C)(C)C
Aliases: C(CH3)4; neo-Pentane; Neopentane; tert-Pentane; t-Pentane; 2,2-Dimethylpropane; 1,1,1-Trimethylethane; Tetramethylmethane; (CH3)4C; CH3C(CH3)3; (CH3)3CCH3
Relative Molecular Mass: 72.1488 ± 0.0041

   ΔfH°(0 K)   ΔfH°(298.15 K)UncertaintyUnits
-189.52± 0.38kJ/mol

Top contributors to the provenance of ΔfH° of C(CH3)4 (l)

The 20 contributors listed below account only for 75.5% of the provenance of ΔfH° of C(CH3)4 (l).
A total of 69 contributors would be needed to account for 90% of the provenance.

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution
(%)
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
29.83894.1 C(CH3)4 (l) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -834.70 ± 0.14 kcal/molGood 1970
9.43895.1 C(CH3)4 (l) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 3.98 ± 0.21 kcal/molGood 1970
8.73890.1 C(CH3)4 (g) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -839.87 ± 0.23 (×1.114) kcal/molPilcher 1967
6.03896.1 C(CH3)4 (l) → CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 2.86 ± 0.24 kcal/molGood 1970
3.73891.1 C(CH3)4 (g) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 5.11 ± 0.33 kcal/molPilcher 1967
3.33892.1 C(CH3)4 (g) → CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 3.43 ± 0.32 kcal/molPilcher 1967
3.0125.2 1/2 O2 (g) H2 (g) → H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -285.8261 ± 0.040 kJ/molRossini 1939, Rossini 1931, Rossini 1931b, note H2Oa, Rossini 1930
1.73889.5 C(CH3)4 (g) → 5 C (g) + 12 H (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 1501.86 ± 0.60 kcal/molKarton 2009b
1.62359.1 H2 (g) C (graphite) → CH4 (g) ΔrG°(1165 K) = 37.521 ± 0.068 kJ/molSmith 1946, note COf, 3rd Law
1.33979.1 CH3CH2C(CH3)3 (cr,l) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 3.49 ± 0.21 kcal/molProsen 1941
0.92357.7 CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -890.578 ± 0.078 kJ/molSchley 2010
0.82214.7 C (graphite) O2 (g) → CO2 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -393.464 ± 0.024 kJ/molHawtin 1966, note CO2e
0.73886.1 CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (l) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -837.56 ± 0.20 kcal/molGood 1970
0.63885.1 CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (g) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -843.30 ± 0.22 kcal/molPilcher 1967
0.63891.7 C(CH3)4 (g) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 3.99 ± 0.35 (×2.327) kcal/molKarton 2009b
0.53698.1 C(CH3)4 (g) → [(CH3)3C]+ (g) CH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 10.564 ± 0.025 eVStevens 2010b
0.53891.6 C(CH3)4 (g) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 4.02 ± 0.85 kcal/molKarton 2009b, Ruscic W1RO
0.53880.1 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (cr,l) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -838.68 ± 0.16 kcal/molGood 1970
0.53893.5 C(CH3)4 (g) + 2 CH3CH3 (g) → 3 CH3CH2CH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 4.52 ± 0.35 (×2.768) kcal/molKarton 2009b
0.53893.3 C(CH3)4 (g) + 2 CH3CH3 (g) → 3 CH3CH2CH3 (g) ΔrH°(0 K) = 5.47 ± 1.0 kcal/molRuscic CBS-n

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the ΔfH° of C(CH3)4 (l)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.


Correlation
Coefficent
(%)
Species Name Formula Image    ΔfH°(0 K)    ΔfH°(298.15 K) Uncertainty Units Relative
Molecular
Mass
ATcT ID
99.0 neo-PentaneC(CH3)4 (g)CC(C)(C)C-134.25-167.13± 0.38kJ/mol72.1488 ±
0.0041
463-82-1*0
35.6 n-PentaneCH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (g)CCCCC-114.17-146.05± 0.29kJ/mol72.1488 ±
0.0041
109-66-0*0
35.6 n-PentaneCH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (cr,l)CCCCC-155.81-172.78± 0.29kJ/mol72.1488 ±
0.0041
109-66-0*500
33.8 Carbonic acidC(O)(OH)2 (aq, undissoc)OC(=O)O-698.670± 0.028kJ/mol62.0248 ±
0.0012
463-79-6*1000
32.8 iso-PentaneCH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (l)CCC(C)C-178.18± 0.39kJ/mol72.1488 ±
0.0041
78-78-4*500
32.8 iso-PentaneCH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (g)CCC(C)C-118.91-152.96± 0.39kJ/mol72.1488 ±
0.0041
78-78-4*0
31.8 WaterH2O (cr,l)O-286.274-285.802± 0.022kJ/mol18.01528 ±
0.00033
7732-18-5*500
31.8 WaterH2O (l)O-285.802± 0.022kJ/mol18.01528 ±
0.00033
7732-18-5*590
31.8 Oxonium[H3O]+ (aq)[OH3+]-285.802± 0.022kJ/mol19.02267 ±
0.00037
13968-08-6*800
31.8 WaterH2O (l, eq.press.)O-285.804± 0.022kJ/mol18.01528 ±
0.00033
7732-18-5*589

Most Influential reactions involving C(CH3)4 (l)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence
Coefficient
TN
ID
Reaction Measured Quantity Reference
0.7743897.2 C(CH3)4 (l) → C(CH3)4 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 5.351 ± 0.014 kcal/molGood 1970, Scott 1951
0.3503894.1 C(CH3)4 (l) + 8 O2 (g) → 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = -834.70 ± 0.14 kcal/molGood 1970
0.2193897.1 C(CH3)4 (l) → C(CH3)4 (g) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 22.39 ± 0.11 kJ/molMajer 1985
0.1903896.1 C(CH3)4 (l) → CH3CH2CH(CH3)2 (l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 2.86 ± 0.24 kcal/molGood 1970
0.1893895.1 C(CH3)4 (l) → CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (cr,l) ΔrH°(298.15 K) = 3.98 ± 0.21 kcal/molGood 1970


References
1   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner,
Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited.
J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2   B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner,
Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21st Century.
J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4   N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, R. Sivaramakrishnan, and K. Prozument,
The C2H4O Isomers in the Oxidation of Ethylene
J. Mol. Spectrosc. 398, 111847/1-8 (2023) [DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111847]
5   U. Jacovella, B. Ruscic, N. L. Chen, H.-L. Le, S. Boyé-Péronne, S. Hartweg, M. Roy-Chowdhury, G. A. Garcia, J.-C. Loison, and B. Gans,
Refining Thermochemical Properties of CF, SiF, and Their Cations by Combining Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemical Calculations, and the Active Thermochemical Tables Approach
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 30838-30847 (2023) [DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04244H]
6   B. Ruscic,
Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables.
Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
7   B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross,
Thermochemistry
Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula
The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties
The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6] and Ruscic and Bross[7]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.0005 kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits
The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.