Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.130 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[4] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.128 [5,6] to include with the calculations provided in reference [4].

Biphenyl

Formula: C6H5C6H5 (g)

CAS RN: 92-52-4

ATcT ID: 92-52-4*0

SMILES: c1ccccc1c2ccccc2

InChI: InChI=1S/C12H10/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H

InChIKey: ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Hills Formula: C12H10

2D Image:

Aliases: C6H5C6H5; Biphenyl; 1,1'-Biphenyl; Bibenzene; Diphenyl; Phenylbenzene; 1,1'-Diphenyl; Lemonene; Phenador-X; PhPh; Xenene; Carolid AL; Tetrosin LY; NSC 14916; 1,1-Biphenyl; (C6H5)2

Relative Molecular Mass: 154.2078 ± 0.0096

Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units
206.9	178.8	± 1.1	kJ/mol

3D Image of C6H5C6H5 (g)

spin ON spin OFF

Top contributors to the provenance of Δ_fH° of C6H5C6H5 (g)

The 9 contributors listed below account for 91.1% of the provenance of Δ_fH° of C6H5C6H5 (g).

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution (%)	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
40.6	8573.4	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -1493.38 ± 0.37 kcal/mol	Parks 1951
22.7	8573.1	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -6247.89 ± 2.07 kJ/mol	Montgomery 1978
6.3	8573.2	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -1494.20 ± 0.33 (×2.828) kcal/mol	Coleman 1966
6.0	8573.3	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -1493.29 ± 0.96 kcal/mol	Mackle 1963
3.9	8570.5	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 12 C (g) + 10 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 10492.4 ± 5.2 kJ/mol	Karton 2021
3.5	8575.1	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 81.52 ± 0.32 kJ/mol	Chirico 1989, note unc
2.9	8572.2	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 31.81 ± 1.3 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
2.4	8573.6	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -1493.4 ± 1.5 kcal/mol	Stohmann 1889a, Montgomery 1978
2.4	8573.5	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l) + 29/2 O2 (g) → 12 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (cr,l)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -1493.4 ± 1.5 kcal/mol	Brull 1935, Cox 1970

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the Δ_fH° of C6H5C6H5 (g)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.

Correlation Coefficent (%)	Species Name	Formula	Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units	Relative Molecular Mass	ATcT ID
96.8	Biphenyl	C6H5C6H5 (cr)	121.6	97.1	± 1.1	kJ/mol	154.2078 ± 0.0096	92-52-4*520
96.8	Biphenyl	C6H5C6H5 (cr,l)	121.6	97.1	± 1.1	kJ/mol	154.2078 ± 0.0096	92-52-4*500
96.8	Biphenyl	C6H5C6H5 (l)		113.7	± 1.1	kJ/mol	154.2078 ± 0.0096	92-52-4*590
15.0	Carbonic acid	C(O)(OH)2 (aq, undissoc)		-698.995	± 0.028	kJ/mol	62.0248 ± 0.0012	463-79-6*1000
14.7	Carbon dioxide	CO2 (g)	-393.110	-393.476	± 0.015	kJ/mol	44.00950 ± 0.00100	124-38-9*0
14.5	Carbon dioxide cation	[CO2]+ (g)	936.090	936.925	± 0.017	kJ/mol	44.00895 ± 0.00100	12181-61-2*0
12.9	Benzoic acid	C6H5C(O)OH (cr,l)	-367.31	-384.73	± 0.17	kJ/mol	122.1213 ± 0.0056	65-85-0*500
12.5	Succinic acid	(CH2C(O)OH)2 (cr,l)	-918.48	-940.21	± 0.12	kJ/mol	118.0880 ± 0.0034	110-15-6*500
12.2	Phenyl	C6H5 (g)	352.10	338.74	± 0.63	kJ/mol	77.1039 ± 0.0048	2396-01-2*0
11.5	Carbon dioxide	CO2 (aq, undissoc)		-413.196	± 0.019	kJ/mol	44.00950 ± 0.00100	124-38-9*1000

Most Influential reactions involving C6H5C6H5 (g)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence Coefficient	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
0.714	8575.1	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 81.52 ± 0.32 kJ/mol	Chirico 1989, note unc
0.128	8575.5	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 19.54 ± 0.18 kcal/mol	Morawetz 1972, note unc
0.081	8572.2	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 31.81 ± 1.3 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.079	8575.3	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(301 K) = 82.5 ± 0.9 (×1.067) kJ/mol	Bradley 1953b, Roux 2008
0.053	8571.2	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 118.54 ± 1.60 kcal/mol	Ruscic G4
0.048	8570.5	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 12 C (g) + 10 H (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 10492.4 ± 5.2 kJ/mol	Karton 2021
0.043	8574.1	C6H5C6H5 (l) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 64.9 ± 1.3 kJ/mol	Chirico 1989
0.016	8575.2	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(311 K) = 83.3 ± 1.0 (×2.134) kJ/mol	Sasse 1989, Roux 2008
0.013	8571.1	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 121.95 ± 1.72 (×1.834) kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.007	8575.4	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(319 K) = 80.37 ± 3.20 kJ/mol	Clark 1975, note unc
0.006	8572.1	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 35.42 ± 1.4 (×3.292) kcal/mol	Ruscic G3X
0.005	8572.3	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 35.61 ± 1.6 (×3.018) kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n
0.005	8571.3	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 124.07 ± 2.16 (×2.43) kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n
0.004	8575.8	C6H5C6H5 (cr) → C6H5C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 82.9 ± 4 kJ/mol	Chickos 1988, est unc
0.004	8572.4	C6H5C6H5 (g) + 2 CH3 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g) + CH3CH3 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 36.51 ± 1.3 (×4.362) kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n
0.003	8571.4	C6H5C6H5 (g) → 2 C6H5 (g)	Δ_rH°(0 K) = 124.75 ± 1.60 (×3.748) kcal/mol	Ruscic CBS-n

References

1		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner, Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited. J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner, Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21^st Century. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.130 of the Thermochemical Network. Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 2023; available at ATcT.anl.gov [DOI: 10.17038/CSE/1997229]
4		N. Genossar, P. B. Changala, B. Gans, J.-C. Loison, S. Hartweg, M.-A. Martin-Drumel, G. A. Garcia, J. F. Stanton, B. Ruscic, and J. H. Baraban Ring-Opening Dynamics of the Cyclopropyl Radical and Cation: the Transition State Nature of the Cyclopropyl Cation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144, 18518-18525 (2022) [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07740]
5		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross Active Thermochemical Tables: The Thermophysical and Thermochemical Properties of Methyl, CH3, and Methylene, CH2, Corrected for Nonrigid Rotor and Anharmonic Oscillator Effects. Mol. Phys. e1969046 (2021) [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1969046]
6		J. H. Thorpe, J. L. Kilburn, D. Feller, P. B. Changala, D. H. Bross, B. Ruscic, and J. F. Stanton, Elaborated Thermochemical Treatment of HF, CO, N2, and H2O: Insight into HEAT and Its Extensions J. Chem. Phys. 155, 184109 (2021) [DOI: 10.1063/5.0069322]
7		B. Ruscic, Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
8		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Thermochemistry Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula

The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties

The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.000₅ kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits

The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.