Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network [3]

This version of ATcT results[3] was generated by additional expansion of version 1.148 to include species relevant to a recent study of the oxidation of ethylene [4] as well as new measurements that led to refining the thermochemistry of CF and SiF and their cations [5].

Ammonium hydroxide

Formula: NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O)

CAS RN: 1336-21-6

ATcT ID: 1336-21-6*807

SMILES: [NH4+].[OH-]

InChI: InChI=1S/H3N.H2O/h1H3;1H2

InChIKey: VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES: [NH4][OH]

InChI: InChI=1S/H5NO/c1-2/h2H,1H4

InChIKey: AVWWWZOEBBIQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Hills Formula: H5N1O1

2D Image:

Aliases: NH4OH; Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonia monohydrate

Relative Molecular Mass: 35.04584 ± 0.00047

Δ_fH°(0 K)	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units
	-365.43	± 0.41	kJ/mol

Top contributors to the provenance of Δ_fH° of NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O)

The 1 contributors listed below account for 97.7% of the provenance of Δ_fH° of NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O).

Please note: The list is limited to 20 most important contributors or, if less, a number sufficient to account for 90% of the provenance. The Reference acts as a further link to the relevant references and notes for the measurement. The Measured Quantity is normaly given in the original units; in cases where we have reinterpreted the original measurement, the listed value may differ from that given by the authors. The quoted uncertainty is the a priori uncertainty used as input when constructing the initial Thermochemical Network, and corresponds either to the value proposed by the original authors or to our estimate; if an additional multiplier is given in parentheses immediately after the prior uncertainty, it corresponds to the factor by which the prior uncertainty needed to be multiplied during the ATcT analysis in order to make that particular measurement consistent with the prevailing knowledge contained in the Thermochemical Network.

Contribution (%)	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
97.7	1725.1	NH4OH (aq, 1000 H2O) → NH4OH (aq)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 3.541 ± 0.40 kJ/mol	NBS Tables 1989, NBS TN270, Parker 1965

Top 10 species with enthalpies of formation correlated to the Δ_fH° of NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O)

Please note: The correlation coefficients are obtained by renormalizing the off-diagonal elements of the covariance matrix by the corresponding variances.
The correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to 1, with 1 representing perfectly correlated species, -1 representing perfectly anti-correlated species, and 0 representing perfectly uncorrelated species.

Correlation Coefficent (%)	Species Name	Formula	Δ_fH°(298.15 K)	Uncertainty	Units	Relative Molecular Mass	ATcT ID
100.0	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 1000 H2O)	-366.37	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*839
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 20 H2O)	-366.20	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*818
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 3.5 H2O)	-365.30	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*806
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 4.5 H2O)	-365.54	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*808
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 100 H2O)	-366.36	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*828
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 8 H2O)	-365.92	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*813
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 6 H2O)	-365.76	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*811
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 2 H2O)	-364.67	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*803
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 3 H2O)	-365.13	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*805
99.9	Ammonium hydroxide	NH4OH (aq, 10 H2O)	-366.00	± 0.41	kJ/mol	35.04584 ± 0.00047	1336-21-6*815

Most Influential reactions involving NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O)

Please note: The list, which is based on a hat (projection) matrix analysis, is limited to no more than 20 largest influences.

Influence Coefficient	TN ID	Reaction	Measured Quantity	Reference
1.000	1774.1	NH3 (aq, 5 H2O) + H2O (cr,l) → NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = 0 ± 0 cm-1	triv
1.000	1732.1	NH4OH (aq, 4 H2O) → NH4OH (aq, 1000 H2O)	Δ_rH°(298.15 K) = -0.945 ± 0.004 kJ/mol	NBS Tables 1989, NBS TN270, Parker 1965

References

1		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, M. L. Morton, G. von Laszewski, S. Bittner, S. G. Nijsure, K. A. Amin, M. Minkoff, and A. F. Wagner, Introduction to Active Thermochemical Tables: Several "Key" Enthalpies of Formation Revisited. J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 9979-9997 (2004) [DOI: 10.1021/jp047912y]
2		B. Ruscic, R. E. Pinzon, G. von Laszewski, D. Kodeboyina, A. Burcat, D. Leahy, D. Montoya, and A. F. Wagner, Active Thermochemical Tables: Thermochemistry for the 21^st Century. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 16, 561-570 (2005) [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/078]
3		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values based on ver. 1.156 of the Thermochemical Network (2024); available at ATcT.anl.gov
4		N. A. Seifert, B. Ruscic, R. Sivaramakrishnan, and K. Prozument, The C2H4O Isomers in the Oxidation of Ethylene J. Mol. Spectrosc. 398, 111847/1-8 (2023) [DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2023.111847]
5		U. Jacovella, B. Ruscic, N. L. Chen, H.-L. Le, S. Boyé-Péronne, S. Hartweg, M. Roy-Chowdhury, G. A. Garcia, J.-C. Loison, and B. Gans, Refining Thermochemical Properties of CF, SiF, and Their Cations by Combining Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemical Calculations, and the Active Thermochemical Tables Approach Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 30838-30847 (2023) [DOI: 10.1039/D3CP04244H]
6		B. Ruscic, Uncertainty Quantification in Thermochemistry, Benchmarking Electronic Structure Computations, and Active Thermochemical Tables. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 114, 1097-1101 (2014) [DOI: 10.1002/qua.24605]
7		B. Ruscic and D. H. Bross, Thermochemistry Computer Aided Chem. Eng. 45, 3-114 (2019) [DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64087-1.00001-2]

Formula

The aggregate state is given in parentheses following the formula, such as: g - gas-phase, cr - crystal, l - liquid, etc.

Uncertainties

The listed uncertainties correspond to estimated 95% confidence limits, as customary in thermochemistry (see, for example, Ruscic [6] and Ruscic and Bross[7]).
Note that an uncertainty of ± 0.000 kJ/mol indicates that the estimated uncertainty is < ± 0.000₅ kJ/mol.

Website Functionality Credits

The reorganization of the website was developed and implemented by David H. Bross (ANL).
The find function is based on the complete Species Dictionary entries for the appropriate version of the ATcT TN.
The molecule images are rendered by Indigo-depict.
The XYZ renderings are based on Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.